Prism Set Gulden 22 Sizes - 1/2-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-12-14-16-18-20-25-30-35-40-45-50. Gulden’s plastic ophthalmic prism bars have been re-engineered to solve the problem of birefringence which can hinder their use in certain clinical applications. Our exclusive manufacturing process greatly reduces optical strain, producing prisms that virtually eliminate clinical birefringent effects. Prism birefringence can adversely affect your vectographic testing by degrading target contrast ("image washout”), or in extreme cases, by reversing the eye that sees the target (“vectographic reversal”). Birefringence occurs in ordinary prisms because of optical strain which is due to minute molecular misalignments that occur in plastic manufacturing. Our prisms are calibrated in the frontal plane position (i.e., posterior surface parallel to spectacle plane) which produces superior diopter accuracy. Prisms are available in our standard square shape (37 X 37 mm), or in our internationally popular “universal” shape which has two rounded corners for ease of use at various angles. Either shape can be ordered as single prisms, in custom sets or in a choice of seven standard sets of square or universal prisms.